Edward Said would be peeved with me

My last week or so in Cairo has been rather nice. My professors all decided against holding finals during finals week, so my last day of class (Thursday) was my final day at AUC. While everyone else finishes up their exams, I'm doing some shopping, sleeping lots, and seeing more sights around the city. Thursday, Heather and I are leaving Cairo for about a week and a half on the road. We'll be arriving back in the US on June 7th :)

All things considered, I'll be happy to leave. It's been a difficult semester in a lot of ways. I've made some incredible friends and will miss them very much, but plans to meet up in the States are keeping me from getting too upset about us going our separate ways. Cairo doesn't rank high on the list of cities I've visited. Like Mumbai, it's a fascinating place to visit, but in many ways a horrible place to live. I won't be missing much about it. Truthfully, it's hard to see the value of an experience like this right away, so I'm trying not to jump to any conclusions. My written Arabic is significantly better, and my Colloquial is much better than I'd hoped after starting at square one. I hope I'll be able to learn more one day. I've seen some really unique scenery, eaten quite a lot of unusual food, and walked through sandstorms to get to class. I've also struggled to find a comfortable place in a culture that's wildly different from my own, and have really grown to embrace my roots for that reason. Sorry, Edward Said, but there are some cultural generalizations I have to make.

I can't help feeling disappointed at how little contact I've had with Egyptians. I have a few good Egyptians friends here who I'll really miss, but I've honestly spent most of the last five months with Americans. This is partly my fault. In a lot of ways, I should have made more of an effort to get close to the Egyptians around me. On the other hand, this is easier said than done under the circumstances. I've done some thinking about it and concluded that there are aspects of my personality (and culture) that just haven't aligned with Egyptian culture. Growing up with brothers and male cousins and male friends taught me to be competitive, independent, and generally not very girly. I haven't felt these qualities have been very well-received here.... not because it's unacceptable, just because it's wildly outside the norm for women.

In Kenya, I enjoyed staring back at the people who stared at me and yelling hello back to anyone who yelled, "Jambo, mzungu!" to me. That doesn't work here. The stares here aren't friendly like they were in East Africa or violating like in India. I mentioned before the almost total absence of women in the public sphere; it's only men on the street, and somewhere near half of them will whistle at and/or verbally harass a foreign girl who walks by. Meeting someone's eyes only invites more harassment and more drastic efforts to get you to stop. I stare at the sidewalk when I walk here. The better my Egyptian Arabic has gotten, the more frustrating it's become to ignore the comments directed at me.

Additionally, friendships between men and women are highly uncommon here. Unmarried Egyptian women absolutely cannot go out with men without their parents' consent (meaning they basically need to be engaged), so it's considered strange for foreign women to do so. Hanging out at someone's house or entering the boys' side of the dorm are major no-nos as well, so spending time with my male friends means staying in public spaces where we have to spend money. Not a good thing on a study abroad student's budget. I can't express how much I miss hanging out.

We've met some nice Egyptian male friends who are slightly older, of course. At least I've been able to have some decent conversations that way. The problem is, any conversation inevitably turns toward my marital status. I experienced this when traveling in rural areas of East Africa last spring, but that was a two week trip. It got exhausting pretty fast this semester. I wear one of Ivan's rings on my right hand ring finger, which is where engagement rings are worn in Egypt, and I generally just run with that lie. It doesn't do me much good, though, as my imaginary fiancee isn't WITH me, and I am thus plenty eligible to marry any Egyptian man who comes along.

The treatment of women here is a fairly complex issue. My friend Jessica pointed out last time I wrote about it that the separation of space in society has a lot to do with us being ignored, catcalled, and generally treated as second-class citizens when we're outside the university. There's a lot of truth in that. It's still hard not to feel disrespected. I want to challenge expectations here and throw things back in men's faces, but it wouldn't accomplish much. It would just be culturally insensitive, really.

Egypt has been ranked the most religious country in the world in recent years. Modesty is very much embedded in Egyptian culture at this point, even for non-Muslims. I'm generally ok with this, but I'm also very much ready to be back in a place where I can talk freely to both sexes and wear short-sleeved shirts. The 100-degree heat is killing all of us girls. Going anywhere outside Zamalek or AUC means wearing jeans and long sleeves and often scarves. Not ideal.

Anyway, enough ranting. I haven't posted pictures in a while, and they usually helps balance out the negatives I talk about. Soooo... here's beautiful Alexandria on my second trip:

Just south of Alex is Lake Maryut. Effluent from several petrochemical plants has turned a section of it bright pink. Way to go, Egypt.

Coptic art and architecture seems to be pushed aside by Islamic art, but it's equally if not more impressive. This is the Monastery of the Syrians in Wadi Natrun, in between Cairo and Alex.


Mohammed Ali's mosque in the Cairo Citadel. Not very old or important, but still impressive.

Ibn Tulun mosque, which I believe is the oldest standing Islamic structure in Cairo that's still in use. Beautiful.

I finally made it to Al-Azhar Park for a picnic. It's Cairo's only major park, and it was built a few years back on top of a landfill thanks to a microloan. There was a little grass and some trees. I was happy.
And, at long last, a view of Cairo from above. I took this from the Citadel. It's been tough to call this city home.

Where university politics and world politics meet...

The last issue of the American University in Cairo's student newspaper, The Caravan, came out last week. It was a special report on the relationship between Egypt, AUC, and the US, and it was one of the most emotionally exhausting things I've ever read. It's a little funny... I wondered, before coming here, if I would leave Egypt a vehement supporter of Palestine. I won't. I despise US policies toward Israel, but I also despise the blind support the Arab world gives Palestine. I despised this conflict before, but I despise it infinitely more now.

This issue of The Caravan drew from interviews with 100 AUC students and, in a really respectable bit of student reporting, talked through some of the contradictions that exist at AUC. The university has received a huge amount of funding from USAID. An Egyptian newspaper recently accused AUC of spying for the CIA, actually. AUC students, despite their hyperconsumption of American fashion, American education, American food (everyone eats lunch at McDonalds and gets coffee from Cinnabon on campus), American movies, and American culture in general, HATE America. They especially hate that AUC is funded by the same government that feeds money and military support to Israel. However, they feel that consuming these American products is in their best interest. I agree that it sometimes is, but it also seems to me that it's these individuals, more than any other Egyptians, who have the economic freedom to boycott American things. They just don't, cause they want to look cool.

Though Egypt's official stance is relatively pro-Israel, Egyptians and AUC students are most assuredly not. A lot of Egyptians I've met outside the university refuse to talk about politics with me. The 100 students The Caravan surveyed all denied Israel's right to exist. There are a couple of outrageous quotes from the student body president in the issue, including: "having a group supporting Israel on campus or even off campus is contradicting our beliefs as humans and our beliefs as Egyptians."

Not exactly surprising, but still strong words. I think what bothers me most is that I once considered American attitudes the biggest problem in this conflict. While they are certainly a problem, these sweeping generalizations, stereotypes, and absurd propaganda are obviously coming from both sides.

There's an assumption here that the American people are 100% aligned with the American government, and thus 100% aligned with Israel. It's frustrating to all of us here, particularly since the vast majority of the exchange students are supporters of Palestine. I'm personally just frustrated that there can't be any kind of sane discussion on the subject. I understand that people in this part of the world can't become emotionally detached from the conflict, but it still seems absurd to refuse to discuss the issue or listen to alternative viewpoints.

Here's what I mean. We've broached the subject in only one of my courses, and it was nearly war in the classroom. Two American students attempted to defend Israel, largely in the interest of playing devil's advocate, and were positively crushed by the other thirty students in the class. There is only one side to the argument here, just like there is only one side to it in the American media and government. It's infuriating to read The Caravan and hear AUC students calls Americans closed-minded, prejudiced, and uneducated, when we can't have a constructive debate on the subject in a classroom at the best university in Egypt. AUC offers only a couple of courses on Israel because no one wants to take them. Meanwhile, several hundred American students, majoring in Middle Eastern Studies and Arabic, are walking their hallways and struggling to get to know their classmates better. Yet we are the sole source of the problem, in their eyes.

Yes, I'm actually being defensive as an American, maybe for the first time in my life. I know we students here at the exception, and that many Americans really ARE ignorant and discriminatory, and that George W. Bush was one of the most hateful and blinded leaders the world has ever seen, but it still hurts and angers me to hear what these Egyptian students think of us.

Views of the Iraq War also haven't surprised me, but have still managed to shake me up a little. "George Bush ruined American's relationship with the Middle East" is something I've been trained to say as a Democrat, but I don't think I knew what it really meant until this semester. This war destroyed every shred of trust the Arab world had in the US. Why wouldn't it? Our invasion was immoral, myopic, and illegal in every possible sense. How could these actions NOT be perceived as an attack on Islamic culture itself, and a deliberate threat aimed at the greater Islamic world? By the time he left office, my hatred for George Bush had mingled with pity and faded to a dull ache, but it's now back and infinitely stronger than it was before. He and his administration were the elected representatives of the American people, and they've plunged our relationship with the Arab world into the Dark Ages.

My friends like to tease me about my insatiable optimism and make up their own ridiculous "Optimistic Rachel" statements. I have no optimism when it comes to this, truthfully. I'm doing the best I can. I'm here studying, making friends, and trying to show people what American people are really like. I'm dedicating my life to promoting cross-cultural communication, equality, and peace, but even in classrooms at AUC, so much of what I see is hatred.

So I'll try to lighten the mood next time. I know it's a sensitive topic, and I hope nobody is too offended (and I hope no AUC students read this... ever). I just needed to get it all written down. I'm in my last week of class now and am very pleased about it. The weather snapped into summer on Saturday, and it's now 100-105 degrees every afternoon. DC should be nice after this...

"I Love College" had better be off the radio by the time I get home...

At long last, it's time for millions of term papers and finals. I have at least two more blog entries I want to write about life here, so I'll see if I can find time next week, which is (drum roll) my final week of classes at AUC! The following week is "finals week," but I have no finals then, so I'll see some more sights in Cairo and maybe travel with friends within Egypt.

In celebration of the end of classes, I'll ramble a little about life at the American University in Cairo, which should flow nicely into the discussion of the Israel-Palestine conflict that I've been putting off all semester. That'll be the topic for next time.

Though there are hundreds of exchange students from all over the world (mostly American), the majority of AUC students are Egyptian. Most of these students have moved from wildly expensive American-style secondary schools to the most respected (and wildly expensive by Egyptian standards) American-style university in the country. Packs of private drivers wait outside the gates in imported cars to pick up their charges after class. It's like watching Gucci, D&G, Prada, and Luis Vuitton parades pass through campus everyday. We middle class, scholarship-receiving, Old-Navy-flip-flop-wearing Americans are incredibly out of place among the outrageously wealthy upper crust of Egypt. The American students are widely stereotyped as being "cheap," which is true under the circumstances.

I've found it incredibly hard to make friends at AUC. These students live very different lives than we do. And, because AUC does see so many exchange students, we are nothing new or interesting. I probably should have made more of an effort to become friends with my classmates, but I wasn't really inspired to. I feel like I'm back in high school... and not my beloved SMS, but that stereotypical high school where everyone is clique-ish and shallow, where carrying books or wearing a backpack is "uncool," where people talk disrespectfully to professors, and where people stand around gossiping all day and clog all the hallways.

Like USIU in Nairobi, students at AUC can be very spoiled. I've seen cheating and blatant plagiarism treated like they're nothing. Punishments are just something you have to wiggle your way out of. People talk obnoxiously loud and watch movies (without headphones) in the library. It's a very different academic environment.

Earlier in the semester, a graduate student and pro-Palestinian blogger named Philip Rizk disappeared mysteriously on his way back to Egypt after organizing a Palestinian protest in Gaza. Campus rallies demanding his freedom brought together about 50 students. Later (totally unrelated), when the AUC administration proposed changing the university class schedule and lengthening class periods, hundreds of students came out in protest. I have trouble identifying with students whose priorities are so different from mine. Things like this have made me miss AU terribly. Despite my qualms with AU, it's a pretty good fit for me.

Anyway, I wanted to end with Philip Rizk so I can pick back up here in a few days. I'd previously planned to avoid talking about the Palestinian conflict because a) I'm neutral on the subject and b) I hate making people angry by talking about it, but I have to bring it up. It's a massive presence in my life here, and it would be ridiculous for me to pretend it isn't.

The much anticipated "food" blog

As I don't have much news to share, I'm going to give in to all you fellow food-lovers and discuss Egyptian eating. :) All spellings are approximated because transliteration isn't standardized, so you might have trouble looking up recipes.

Unfortunately, I don't like Egyptian food much. "WHAT?" Yes. Shocking, but true. It isn't like the diverse, flavorful "Middle Eastern" cuisine we eat at restaurants in the States. The flavors get old rather fast, and eating cheap can be veeeery boring. Additionally, the first few weeks here, my body was in an absolute panic because I couldn't find a way to consume vegetables. I've managed to balance my diet by now, but I can't wait to get back to my veggie-heavy cooking habits in the US. By the way, for those who are unaware, my dorm has no kitchen, microwave, toaster, zilch. Thus my friends and I have to buy our food or eat PB&J sandwiches. It's been annoyingly expensive and generally frustrating.

(I don't take too many pictures of food here, so about half of these aren't mine. FYI.)

Anyway! Some staples. 'Eesh baladi ("life of the country"): Coarse pita-ish bread baked daily and sold on the streets. Not the best bread, but cheap as you could possible ask.

Fuul: Stewed broad beans with a lot of salt and various toppings, depending on what variety you get. Eaten with 'eesh baladi or in sandwiches, often for breakfast. Cheap protein.

Shakshouka: One of many mish-moshed stews of tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, onion, spices, and a lot of salt, eaten with bread. This one contains egg, obviously. One of my favorites.

Molokhiya: Soup made from pureed molokhiya, the only other name for which seems to be "Jew's mallow." Slimey? Yes. Delicious? Not too bad.

Salad: Often fresh veggie mixtures, tahina (sesame paste, pictured top left), or baba ganuug (mashed roasted eggplant, pictured top right), eaten with bread. Pretty standard for appetizers, and generally pretty cheap.

Ta'amiya: Cairene falafel... mashed broad beans mixed with herbs and deep fried. Here pictured in sandwich form for take away purposes. A good, cheap, vegetarian street food, but it has gotten very tiring as well.

Koushari: Egypt's staple street food full of carbs. Rice, several kinds of pasta, fava beans, lentils, those freeze dried onion things, garlic, and spicy tomato sauce. One of my favorites, but the quality of koushari varies widely between vendors... so other times not one of my favorites. This particular koushari is the best :)

Shawarma: Spit-grilled spiced meat mixed with tomatoes and peppers, often served in sandwich form with tahina. Comes in chicken or "meat," which can be any combination of beef, lamb, or camel. Yes, I've eaten the camel form before... I'm pretty sure, anyway.

Kofta, while we're on the meat subject: Grilled kebabs of spices mixed with "meat" (see above definition). Not a favorite, mostly due to the quality of the meat...

Mahshi: Vegetables (zucchini, okra, peppers, tomatoes, vine leaves, eggplant, or cabbage) stuffed with spiced rice, covered in tomato sauce. Possibly THE favorite, and one which I will be learning to cook in the US.

Feteer: Pizza-shaped two-crusted crepe-type things. The bread is kinda chewy, though. Inside can be meat, veggies, cheese, or sweet stuff (often honey, though our favorite feteer place in Zamalek has a killer chocolate-banana-peanut butter feteer). Pretty darn good.

Tagine: Moroccan style slow cooked stews with meat or veggies in tomato sauce. Always a favorite.

Casserole-y things: Various dishes layered with rice, sauces, veggies, pasta, and/or meat, and baked. I honestly don't know what this one was called, but it was yummy.

Stuffed pigeon: Stuff with spiced rice. Major Egyptian specialty, and pretty good. Pigeon's a little gamey and always tastes a little like dirt to me. That might be a mental thing.

Juuuuuuuice!: If you're at a juice shop, it's always fresh squeezed and amazing (and cheap). Comes in orange, lemon/lime, banana, strawberry, mango, guava, carrot, pomegranate, watermelon, and sometimes more. Also, sugarcane juice in abundance.

Sweets: Egyptians looooove their sweets. These include delicious European style cakes.

Also Egyptian style goodies, including baklava (ba'lawa in Cairo), kunaafa, bosbosa, and many other yummy things that involve honey, filo, and pistachios.

There's also a variety of doughy things deep fried and soaked in honey. Their name escapes me. Can anyone help?

Also, om 'ali ("mother of Ali"), which I have recently discovered to be heavenly. It's sweet milk baked with some sort of bread concoction on the bottom, topped with coconut, raisins, and nuts.

And... that's a pretty good overview. Some good, some bad, some indifferent. I'll probably miss Egyptian food when I leave, but I'm a little tired of it at the moment. Really, I just want a kitchen. :P